Acta Pharm. 56 (2006) 489-496

full paper

Short communication

Antioxidant activity of Desmodium gangeticum and its phenolics
in arthritic rats

RAGHAVAN GOVINDARAJAN¹, MADHAVAN VIJAYAKUMAR¹, ANNIE. SHIRWAIKAR², AJAY KUMAR SINGH RAWAT^1*, SHANTA. MEHROTRA¹ and PALPU. PUSHPANGADAN¹

govind108@yahoo.com

¹Pharmacognosy and Ethnopharmacology Division, National Botanical Research Institute,

Lucknow-226 001, India

²Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal-576 119, Karnataka, India

Accepted September 12, 2006

Total alcoholic extract of Desmodium gangeticum, which exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity, was evaluated for the possible mode of action by studying its antioxidant potential in adjuvant-induced arthritic rats. Activity guided fractionation and isolation were carried out. The phenolics fraction showed maximum potency. Solid phase extraction followed by preparative HPLC of the active phenolic fraction yielded for the first time two potent antioxidant compounds, caffeic acid and chlorogenic acid, from this plant. The biological antioxidant defense system involving the superoxide dismutase, glutathione and catalase, showed a significant increase with their levels close to the normal control with a decrease in the lipid peroxide content upon administration of D. gangeticum extract (100 mg kg^-1) and its phenolics (50 mg kg^-1) in arthritic rats, thereby indicating the extracts antioxidant property under arthritic conditions.

Keywords: Desmodium gangeticum (Fabaceae), antioxidant potential, arthritis, phenolics, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid