Acta Pharm. 61 (2011) 63-71
Original research paper
Reduction in cisplatin genotoxicity
(micronucleus formation) in non target cells of mice by protransfersome gel
formulation used for management of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
VANDANA GUPTA, RAMESH CHANDRA AGRAWAL and PIYUSH TRIVEDI
1 School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rajiv Gandhi Technical University, Airport Bypass
Road, Gandhi Nagar, Bhopal (MP)-462036, India
2 Jawaharlal
Nehru Cancer Hospital and Research Center, Post Box. No. 32, Idgah Hills,
Bhopal-462001 (MP) India
Accepted December 29, 2010
Cisplatin-loaded protransfersome system was prepared and characterized for in vitro drug permeation, drug deposition and antitumor effect. A histopathological study and a genotoxicity study were also done. The skin permeation data from protransfersome gel formulation of cisplatin revealed 494.33 ± 11.87 µg cm-2 drug permeation, which was significantly higher than that from the control plain drug solution in 0.9 % NaCl (p < 0.001). Untreated group of animals showed invasive moderately differentiated keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma (malignant stage). However, with cisplatin loaded protransfersome gel system simple epithelial hyperplasia (pre-cancerous stage) with no cancerous growth was observed. Also, a significant induction in micronucleus formation was found in the group that was treated with injectable intraperitoneal cisplatin preparation in 0.9 % saline as compared to the group treated with topical protransfersome gel formulation. The findings of this research work appears to support the improved, site-specific and localized drug action in the skin, thus providing a better option to deal with skin related problems like squamous cell carcinoma.
Keywords: cisplatin, protransfersome, topical chemotherapy, genetic
damage, bone marrow cells, micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes